Maryland
Rankings
The following shows
Maryland's rankings in several categories. All rankings include the 50 states and the District of Columbia and are ranked highest to lowest.
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Rankings
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Size of the foreign-born population, 2000:
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13 out of 51
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Percent foreign born in the total population, 2000:
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15 out of 51
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Numeric change in the foreign-born population, 1990 to 2000:
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14 out of 51
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Percent change in the foreign-born population, 1990 to 2000:
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28 out of 51
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Who are the foreign born?
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The term foreign born refers to people residing in the United States on census day who were not United States citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes immigrants, legal nonimmigrants (e.g., refugees and persons on student or work visas), and persons illegally residing in the United States. By comparison, the term native refers to people residing in the United States who were United States citizens in one of three categories: (1) people born in one of the 50 states and the District of Columbia; (2) people born in United States Insular Areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam; or (3) people who were born abroad to at least one parent who was a United States citizen.
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The foreign-born population of Maryland grew by 65 percent
between 1990 and 2000.
Between 1990 and 2000, the foreign-born population in Maryland increased from 313,494
to 518,315, representing a 65.3 percent change. At the national level, the foreign-born
population increased from 19.8 million to 31.1 million, representing a 57.4 percent
change.
In 2000, the foreign born represented 10 percent of Maryland's total population.
In 2000, 9.8 percent of Maryland's total population was foreign born compared with
6.6 percent in 1990. At the national level, the foreign-born population represented
11.1 percent of the total population in 2000 compared with 7.9 percent in 1990.
Of the total foreign born in Maryland, 44 percent entered the United States
between 1990 and 2000.
According to Census 2000, of the total foreign born in Maryland, 44.1 percent entered
the United States between 1990 and 2000. At the national level, 42.4 percent
of all foreign born entered between 1990 and 2000.
Most of Maryland's foreign born are from Asia.
Of the total foreign born in Maryland in 2000,
35.0 percent were from
Asia, 34.0
percent from
Latin America, 16.8 percent from
Europe, 12.1 percent from
Africa,
1.8 percent from
Northern America (Canada, the United States, Bermuda, Greenland, St. Pierre, and Miquelon), and 0.4 percent from
Oceania. At the national
level, 51.7 percent of the foreign born were from Latin America, 26.4 percent
from Asia, 15.8 percent from Europe, 2.8 percent from Africa, 2.7 percent from
Northern America, and 0.5 percent from Oceania.
The top three countries of birth for the foreign born in Maryland were El Salvador,
India, and Korea.
According to Census 2000, of the total foreign born in Maryland, 8.1 percent
were born in El Salvador, 6.2 percent in India, and 6.0 percent in Korea.
At the national level, the top three countries of birth were Mexico (29.5 percent), the Philippines (4.4 percent), and India (3.3 percent).
The majority of the foreign born in Maryland reported either white alone or
Asian alone as their race.
Of the total foreign born in Maryland in 2000, 33.5 percent reported their race
as white alone, 19.3 percent as black or African American alone, 0.3 percent
as American Indian and Alaska Native alone, 30.1 percent as Asian alone, 0.1
percent as Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander alone, 11.1 percent as
some other race alone, and 5.6 percent as two or more races.
At the national level, 43.0 percent of the foreign born reported their race as white alone, 6.8 percent as black or African American alone, 0.4 percent as American Indian and Alaska Native alone, 22.5 percent as Asian alone, 0.2 percent as Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander alone, 21.5 percent as some other race alone, and 5.5 percent as two or more races.
Of the total foreign born in Maryland, 24 percent reported a Hispanic origin.
In Maryland in 2000, 23.8 percent of the foreign born reported a Hispanic or
Latino origin, while at the national level, 45.5 percent reported a Hispanic or Latino origin.
In Maryland, 77 percent of the foreign born speak a language other than English
at home.
In 2000, of the foreign born five years and over in Maryland, 77.5 percent spoke
a language other than English at home. This includes 23.4 percent who spoke
Spanish, 23.4 percent who spoke other Indo-European languages, 21.8 percent
who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 8.7 percent who spoke other
languages.
At the national level, 83.0 percent spoke a language other than English at home, including 52.3 percent who spoke Spanish, 21.9 percent who spoke other Indo-European languages, 21.6 percent who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 4.2 percent who spoke other languages.
Among the foreign born in Maryland who speak a language other than English
at home, 51 percent speak English "very well" while 6 percent speak English
"not at all."
In Maryland in 2000, of the foreign born five years and over who spoke a language
other than English at home, 51.5 percent reported speaking English "very well,"
26.2 percent "well," 16.8 percent "not well," and 5.6 percent "not at all."
At the national level, 38.5 percent reported speaking English "very well," 26.3 percent "well," 22.9 percent "not well," and 12.2 percent "not at all."
In Maryland, 45 percent of the foreign born are citizens.
Census 2000 reported that 45.3 percent of all foreign born in Maryland were citizens,
compared with 40.3 percent at the national level.
According to Census 2000, 10 percent of Maryland's foreign born live in poverty.
In Maryland, among the foreign born for whom poverty status was determined, 10.3
percent had an income in 1999 below poverty level. Among foreign-born citizens,
6.1 percent lived in poverty, compared with 13.7 percent of foreign-born non-citizens.
At the national level, 17.9 percent had a 1999 income below poverty level, with 10.6 percent of foreign-born citizens and 22.8 percent of foreign-born non-citizens living in poverty.
| Table 1: Characteristics
of the Foreign-Born Population for Maryland: 1990 and 2000 |
| Subject |
1990 |
2000 |
1990 v. 2000 |
| Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Numeric
difference |
Percent
change |
| PLACE OF BIRTH |
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Total population of Maryland |
4,781,468 |
100.0 |
5,296,486 |
100.0 |
515,018 |
10.8 |
| Native1 |
4,467,974 |
93.4 |
4,778,171 |
90.2 |
310,197 |
6.9 |
| Foreign born2 |
313,494 |
6.6 |
518,315 |
9.8 |
204,821 |
65.3 |
| REGION OF BIRTH OF THE FOREIGN BORN |
|
| Total foreign born3 |
303,480 |
100.0 |
518,315 |
100.0 |
NA |
NA |
| Europe |
74,318 |
24.5 |
86,840 |
16.8 |
12,522 |
16.8 |
| Asia |
110,826 |
36.5 |
181,504 |
35.0 |
70,678 |
63.8 |
| Africa |
23,173 |
7.6 |
62,688 |
12.1 |
39,515 |
170.5 |
| Oceania |
1,198 |
0.4 |
1,957 |
0.4 |
759 |
63.4 |
| Latin America |
86,678 |
28.6 |
176,026 |
34.0 |
89,348 |
103.1 |
| Northern America4 |
7,287 |
2.4 |
9,300 |
1.8 |
2,013 |
27.6 |
| CITIZENSHIP STATUS OF THE FOREIGN BORN |
|
| Total foreign born |
313,494 |
100.0 |
518,315 |
100.0 |
NA |
NA |
| Naturalized citizen |
127,005 |
40.5 |
234,711 |
45.3 |
NA |
NA |
| Not a citizen |
186,489 |
59.5 |
283,604 |
54.7 |
NA |
NA |
| YEAR OF ENTRY OF THE FOREIGN BORN |
|
| Total foreign born |
313,494 |
100.0 |
518,315 |
100.0 |
NA |
NA |
| Entered 10 or less years before census5 |
147,953 |
47.2 |
228,429 |
44.1 |
NA |
NA |
| Entered more than 10 years before census |
165,541 |
52.8 |
289,886 |
55.9 |
NA |
NA |
NA Not Applicable
1 The term native refers to people
residing in the United States who were United States citizens
in one of three categories: (1) people born in one of the 50
states and the District of Columbia; (2) people born in the
United States Insular Areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam; or
(3) people who were born abroad to at least one parent who was
a United States citizen.
2
The term foreign born refers to people residing in the United
States on census day who were not United States citizens at
birth. The foreign-born population includes immigrants, legal
nonimmigrants (e.g., refugees and persons on student or work
visas), and persons illegally residing in the United States.
3For both 1990 and 2000, the total for
the region of birth of the foreign born is different from the
total foreign born. This is because the 1990 total excludes
those who did not report a country of birth and those born at
sea, while the 2000 total excludes those born at sea. In 2000,
in constrast to 1990, individuals who did not report a country
of birth were allocated (or assigned) a country (and thus a
region) based on various characteristics. Because of allocation
in 2000, but not in 1990, the increase for a specific region
is overstated by a small (but unknown) amount.
4Northern America includes Canada, Bermuda,
Greenland, St. Pierre, and Miquelon.
5For 1990, this includes those who arrived
between 1980 and March 1990. For 2000, this includes those who
arrived between 1990 and March 2000.
Source: US Census Bureau, 1990 Census of Population and Housing and Census 2000.
For more information, see
www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/2002/dp_comptables.html.
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Table 2: Characteristics
of the Foreign-Born1 Population for Maryland: 2000 |
| Subject |
Number |
Percent |
| RACE2 |
|
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| Total foreign born |
518,315 |
100.0 |
| White alone |
173,717 |
33.5 |
| Black or African American alone |
99,868 |
19.3 |
| American Indian and Alaska Native alone |
1,457 |
0.3 |
| Asian alone |
156,046 |
30.1 |
| Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone |
483 |
0.1 |
| Some other race alone |
57,674 |
11.1 |
| Two or more races |
29,070 |
5.6 |
| HISPANIC ORIGIN2 |
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| Total foreign born |
518,315 |
100.0 |
| Hispanic or Latino |
123,422 |
23.8 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino |
394,893 |
76.2 |
| YEAR OF ENTRY |
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| Total foreign born |
518,315 |
100.0 |
| 1995 to March 2000 |
133,286 |
25.7 |
| 1990 to 1994 |
95,143 |
18.4 |
| 1985 to 1989 |
81,415 |
15.7 |
| 1980 to 1984 |
62,966 |
12.1 |
| 1975 to 1979 |
41,641 |
8.0 |
| 1970 to 1974 |
33,155 |
6.4 |
| 1965 to 1969 |
23,104 |
4.5 |
| Before 1965 |
47,605 |
9.2 |
| YEAR OF ENTRY BY CITIZENSHIP STATUS |
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| Total foreign born |
518,315 |
100.0 |
| Naturalized citizen |
234,711 |
45.3 |
| Not a citizen |
283,604 |
54.7 |
| Year of entry 1990 to March
2000 |
228,429 |
100.0 |
| Naturalized citizen |
37,875 |
16.6 |
| Not a citizen |
190,554 |
83.4 |
| Year of entry 1980 to 1989 |
144,381 |
100.0 |
| Naturalized citizen |
78,809 |
54.6 |
| Not a citizen |
65,572 |
45.4 |
| Year of entry before 1980 |
145,505 |
100.0 |
| Naturalized citizen |
118,027 |
81.1 |
| Not a citizen |
27,478 |
18.9 |
| POVERTY STATUS IN 1999 |
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| Foreign born for whom poverty
status was determined |
513,398 |
100.0 |
| Income in 1999 below poverty level |
52,626 |
10.3 |
| Income in 1999 at or above poverty level |
460,772 |
89.7 |
| CITIZENSHIP BY POVERTY STATUS IN 1999 |
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| Foreign-born citizens for
whom poverty status was determined |
232,658 |
100.0 |
| Income in 1999 below poverty level |
14,288 |
6.1 |
| Income in 1999 at or above poverty level |
218,370 |
93.9 |
| Foreign-born non-citizens
for whom poverty status was determined |
280,740 |
100.0 |
| Income in 1999 below poverty level |
38,338 |
13.7 |
| Income in 1999 at or above poverty level |
242,402 |
86.3 |
| LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME |
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| Foreign born five years and
over |
511,881 |
100.0 |
| Speak only English |
115,376 |
22.5 |
| Speak language other than English |
396,505 |
77.5 |
| Speak Spanish |
119,934 |
23.4 |
| Speak other Indo-European
languages |
120,027 |
23.4 |
| Speak Asian and Pacific
Island languages |
111,776 |
21.8 |
| Speak other languages |
44,768 |
8.7 |
| ABILITY TO SPEAK ENGLISH |
|
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Foreign born five years and
over who speak language other
than English at home |
396,505 |
100.0 |
| Speak English "very well" |
204,016 |
51.5 |
| Speak English "well" |
103,863 |
26.2 |
| Speak English "not well" |
66,506 |
16.8 |
| Speak English "not at all" |
22,120 |
5.6 |
| Foreign born five years and
over who speak Spanish at home |
119,934 |
100.0 |
| Speak English "very well" |
42,062 |
35.1 |
| Speak English "well" |
31,819 |
26.5 |
| Speak English "not well" |
31,073 |
25.9 |
| Speak English "not at all" |
14,980 |
12.5 |
Foreign born five years and
over who speak other Indo-European
languages at home |
120,027 |
100.0 |
| Speak English "very well" |
77,254 |
64.4 |
| Speak English "well" |
27,988 |
23.3 |
| Speak English "not well" |
12,045 |
10.0 |
| Speak English "not at all" |
2,740 |
2.3 |
Foreign born five years and
over who speak Asian and Pacific
Island languages at home |
111,776 |
100.0 |
| Speak English "very well" |
51,140 |
45.8 |
| Speak English "well" |
35,487 |
31.7 |
| Speak English "not well" |
21,302 |
19.1 |
| Speak English "not at all" |
3,847 |
3.4 |
| Foreign born five years and
over who speak other languages at home |
44,768 |
100.0 |
| Speak English "very well" |
33,560 |
75.0 |
| Speak English "well" |
8,569 |
19.1 |
| Speak English "not well" |
2,086 |
4.7 |
| Speak English "not at all" |
553 |
1.2 |
| COUNTRY OF BIRTH |
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| Total foreign born |
518,315 |
100.0 |
| Afghanistan |
1,107 |
0.2 |
| Argentina |
2,999 |
0.6 |
| Armenia |
198 |
-- |
| Australia |
1,249 |
0.2 |
| Austria |
1,343 |
0.3 |
| Bangladesh |
2,188 |
0.4 |
| Barbados |
1,096 |
0.2 |
| Belarus |
1,315 |
0.3 |
| Bolivia |
4,250 |
0.8 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
456 |
0.1 |
| Brazil |
4,697 |
0.9 |
| Cambodia |
1,472 |
0.3 |
| Canada |
9,019 |
1.7 |
| Chile |
3,146 |
0.6 |
| China, excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan |
22,741 |
4.4 |
| Colombia |
5,594 |
1.1 |
| Costa Rica |
1,092 |
0.2 |
| Cuba |
2,921 |
0.6 |
| Czechoslovakia3 |
1,565 |
0.3 |
| Dominican Republic |
5,419 |
1.0 |
| Ecuador |
3,051 |
0.6 |
| Egypt |
2,477 |
0.5 |
| El Salvador |
41,818 |
8.1 |
| Ethiopia |
6,295 |
1.2 |
| France |
4,318 |
0.8 |
| Germany |
14,555 |
2.8 |
| Ghana |
6,550 |
1.3 |
| Greece |
4,214 |
0.8 |
| Guatemala |
10,309 |
2.0 |
| Guyana |
6,190 |
1.2 |
| Haiti |
5,367 |
1.0 |
| Honduras |
5,630 |
1.1 |
| Hong Kong |
2,840 |
0.5 |
| Hungary |
1,434 |
0.3 |
| India |
32,276 |
6.2 |
| Indonesia |
1,469 |
0.3 |
| Iran |
9,733 |
1.9 |
| Iraq |
529 |
0.1 |
| Ireland |
2,102 |
0.4 |
| Israel |
2,895 |
0.6 |
| Italy |
6,266 |
1.2 |
| Jamaica |
18,988 |
3.7 |
| Japan |
5,354 |
1.0 |
| Jordan |
658 |
0.1 |
| Korea |
31,249 |
6.0 |
| Laos |
772 |
0.1 |
| Lebanon |
1,463 |
0.3 |
| Malaysia |
945 |
0.2 |
| Mexico |
19,287 |
3.7 |
| Netherlands |
1,415 |
0.3 |
| Nicaragua |
3,969 |
0.8 |
| Nigeria |
15,071 |
2.9 |
| Pakistan |
7,183 |
1.4 |
| Panama |
2,850 |
0.5 |
| Peru |
8,407 |
1.6 |
| Philippines |
21,007 |
4.1 |
| Poland |
4,199 |
0.8 |
| Portugal |
1,439 |
0.3 |
| Romania |
1,547 |
0.3 |
| Russia |
8,723 |
1.7 |
| Sierra Leone |
5,156 |
1.0 |
| South Africa |
1,541 |
0.3 |
| Spain |
1,949 |
0.4 |
| Sweden |
778 |
0.2 |
| Syria |
636 |
0.1 |
| Taiwan |
7,928 |
1.5 |
| Thailand |
2,987 |
0.6 |
| Trinidad and Tobago |
11,050 |
2.1 |
| Turkey |
2,147 |
0.4 |
| Ukraine |
5,906 |
1.1 |
| United Kingdom |
14,206 |
2.7 |
| Venezuela |
1,577 |
0.3 |
| Vietnam |
14,807 |
2.9 |
| Yugoslavia |
733 |
0.1 |
| Other |
48,203 |
9.3 |
-- Represents zero or rounds to 0.0
1The term foreign born refers to people
residing in the United States on census day who were not United
States citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes
immigrants, legal nonimmigrants (e.g., refugees and persons
on student or work visas), and persons illegally residing in
the United States.
2The federal government considers
race and Hispanic origin to be two separate and distinct concepts.
3Czechoslovakia includes Czech Republic
and Slovakia.
Source: US Census Bureau, Census 2000.
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