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Table 1. Citizenship Policy in Europe, North America, and Australia *
|
| |
Australia |
United Kingdom |
Canada |
France |
Germany |
The Netherlands |
United States |
Norway |
Sweden |
| Years of residence |
4
years, at least 3 years permanent residence |
5 years,
permanent residence |
3 years, at least
2 years of permanent residence |
5 years,
continuous |
8 years, habitual
legal residence |
5 years,
continuous |
5 years, permanent residence |
7 years within
the past 10 years, resident and work permit statuses count |
5 years,
residence across temporary and
permanent residence permit |
| Language requirement |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
| Civics/country knowledge requirement |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes* |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
| "Good Character" requirement |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
no* |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
| Dual citizenship |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no* |
no |
yes* |
no |
yes |
| Birthright citizenship |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
Upon
application |
| Administrative fees for ordinary naturalization, in country
(euros) |
€198 ($242) |
€850
($1,040) |
€148
($181) |
€
0 |
€255
($312) |
€567
($694) |
€552
($680) |
€316
($386) |
€146
($178) |
| Naturalization rate (OECD 2007) |
81% |
67% |
89% |
47% |
37% |
78% |
50% |
70% |
82% |
|
Sources: European Union Democracy Observatory (EUDO) 2010 for European countries, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 2011 for non-European countries and "Naturalization Rate."
*For "normal"naturalization procedure (i.e. not through spouse or refugee status).
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