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NEVADA
Language & Education

Other facts sheets for Nevada:

The data below describe the state rankings and selected characteristics of the immigrant and native-born populations in Nevada in 2011.

Rankings
The following shows Nevada's rankings in several categories. All rankings include the 50 states and the District of Columbia and are ranked highest to lowest.
  Rankings
Size of the foreign-born, limited English proficient (LEP) population, 2011: 15 out of 51
Percent of immigrants persons who are LEP: 12 out of 51
Share of the foreign-born population with a bachelor’s or higher degree: 50 out of 51
Share of the foreign-born population with less than a high school diploma: 11 out of 51

Data Highlights
For data on these topics, click on the link:
Who Are the Foreign Born?
The term foreign born refers to people residing in the United States at the time of the census who were not US citizens at birth. The foreign-born population includes naturalized citizens, lawful permanent immigrants, refugees and asylees, legal nonimmigrants (including those on student, work, or other temporary visas), and persons residing in the country without authorization. By comparison, the term native refers to people residing in the United States who were US citizens in one of three categories: 1) people born in one of the 50 states or the District of Columbia; 2) people born in United States Insular Areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam; or 3) people who were born abroad to at least one US-citizen parent.

We use the terms immigrants and foreign born interchangeably.

What Does "Limited English Proficient" (LEP) Mean?
In this fact sheet, and in any data from the decennial census or American Community Survey, the term limited English proficient refers to any person age 5 and older who reported speaking English “not at all,” “not well,” or “well” on their survey questionnaire. Persons who speak only English or who report speaking English “very well” are considered proficient in English.

Population by English Proficiency

The foreign-born, limited English proficient (LEP) population age 5 and older in Nevada increased by 60.0 percent between 2000 and 2011.
Between 2000 and 2011, the number of foreign-born persons age 5 and older in Nevada who were LEP increased from 168,160 to 269,081, representing a change of 60.0 percent. In comparison, the size of the foreign-born LEP population grew from 47,087 to 168,160 between 1990 and 2000, a difference of 257.1 percent.

At the national level, the size of the foreign-born LEP population increased from 9,120,221 to 15,672,816 between 1990 and 2000, representing a change of 71.8 percent, and grew from 15,672,816 to 20,486,938 (30.7 percent), between 2000 and 2011.

In 2011, 51.7 percent of immigrants age 5 and older in Nevada were LEP.
In 2011, 51.7 percent of Nevada's total foreign-born population age 5 and older were LEP compared with 53.8 percent in 2000 and 45.7 percent in 1990. Only 2.5 percent of similarly aged native-born persons in Nevada were LEP in 2011.

At the national level, 51.0 percent of the foreign-born population were LEP in 2011, compared to 51.0 percent in 2000, and 47.0 percent in 1990.

In Nevada, 79.8 percent of all children in families that spoke a language other than English reported having oral English proficiency.
In 2011, 163,047 children between ages 5 and 17 resided in homes in which members spoke a language other than English; of these children, 79.8 percent spoke English "very well."

Nationwide, 78.1 percent of minors in such families were English proficient.

Note: these families might or might not interact in English at home.

English Proficiency by Citizenship

Naturalized citizens in Nevada were less likely to be LEP than noncitizens.
Of the foreign born in Nevada in 2011, 38.7 percent of naturalized citizens age 5 and older were LEP compared to 60.7 percent of noncitizens.

Similarly, at the national level, 38.9 percent of naturalized citizens were LEP compared to 61.0 percent of noncitizens.

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Vermont, and West Virginia are from the US Census Bureau's pooled 2009-2011 ACS and for North Dakota and Wyoming are from 2007-2011 ACS. For the United States and the rest of the states the data are from 2011 ACS.

Language Groupings

Indo-European languages include French, Italian, Portuguese, German, Yiddish, other West Germanic languages, Scandinavian languages, Greek, Russian, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, other Slavic languages, Armenian, Persian, Gujarathi, Hindi, and Urdu.

Asian and Pacific Island languages include Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Mon-Khmer/Cambodian, Miao/Hmong, Thai, Laotian, Vietnamese, and Tagalog.

Other languages include Navajo, other Native North American languages, Hungarian, Arabic, Hebrew, and African languages.

English Proficiency by Language Group

Rates of limited English proficiency were higher among speakers of certain language groupings than among others.
Among the foreign born older than 5 in Nevada in 2011, 65.7 percent of those who spoke Spanish at home were LEP compared to 37.2 percent of those who spoke other Indo-European languages, 50.9 percent of those who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 45.0 percent of those who spoke other languages.

At the national level, 70.2 percent of foreign-born persons who spoke Spanish at home were LEP, compared to 42.7 percent of those who spoke other Indo-European languages, 57.3 percent of those who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 40.7 percent of those who spoke other languages.

  • Read more about the LEP population, its growth, and linguistic diversity in the nation and all 50 states in Limited English Proficient Individuals in the United States: Number, Share, Growth, and Linguistic Diversity.
  • Find county-level data on the number, share, and linguistic diversity of LEP individuals in LEP Data Brief compiled by the Migration Policy Institute's National Center on Immigrant Integration Policy. The county-level data offer two different counts - LEP individuals as a percentage of the total county population as well as in absolute numbers - by language or language group across 3,221 counties in the United States (including Puerto Rico). (Note: the national and state-level estimates in the LEP Data Brief might not match exactly the estimates shown in the "Language and Education" Fact Sheet because different years of ACS were used).

Linguistically Isolated Households

Of all of the households in Nevada in 2011, 6.3 percent were linguistically isolated, meaning that all persons age 14 and over in the household were LEP.
In Nevada, 6.3 percent of all households (of both natives and the foreign born) were linguistically isolated in 2011, including 23.1 percent of Spanish-speaking households, 11.5 percent of households speaking other Indo-European languages, 24.2 percent of households speaking Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 22.8 percent of households speaking other languages.

Nationwide, 4.6 percent of household were linguistically isolated. Of Spanish-speaking households, 24.3 percent were linguistically isolated, compared to 15.8 percent of households speaking other Indo-European languages, 27.7 percent of households speaking Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 17.1 percent of households speaking other languages.

Educational Attainment

The number of immigrants in Nevada with a college degree increased by 140.9 percent between 2000 and 2011.
Between 2000 and 2011, the number of foreign-born persons in Nevada older than 25 who had a bachelor's or higher degree increased from 33,351 to 80,353, representing a difference of 140.9 percent. In comparison, the foreign-born, college-educated population grew from 10,202 to 33,351 between 1990 and 2000, a difference of 226.9 percent.

At the national level, the foreign-born population with a bachelor's or higher degree increased from 3,103,918 to 5,862,756 between 1990 and 2000, representing a change of 88.9 percent, and grew from 5,862,756 to 9,384,596 (60.1 percent) between 2000 and 2011.

The number of immigrants in Nevada with less than a high school diploma increased by 50.5 percent between 2000 and 2011.
Between 2000 and 2011, the number of foreign-born persons older than 25 in Nevada who had not completed high school increased from 109,286 to 164,497, or 50.5 percent. In comparison, the foreign-born population lacking a high school diploma increased from 32,812 to 109,286 between 1990 and 2000, a difference of 233.1 percent.

At the national level, the foreign-born population without a high school diploma increased from 6,285,122 to 9,297,557 between 1990 and 2000, representing a change of 47.9 percent, and grew from 9,297,557 to 10,814,235 (16.3 percent) between 2000 and 2011.

In 2011, 17.8 percent of immigrants in Nevada had a college degree, while 36.4 percent did not complete high school.
In 2011, 17.8 percent of Nevada's foreign-born population age 25 and older had a bachelor's or higher degree while 36.4 percent lacked a high school diploma. In comparison, 24.0 percent of native-born persons above age 25 had a bachelor's or higher degree in 2011, and 9.2 percent lacked a high school diploma. In 2000, 13.7 percent of the foreign born in Nevada had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 45.0 percent had less than a high school diploma. In 1990, 12.7 percent had a college degree, and 40.9 percent lacked a high school diploma.

Nationally, 27.3 percent of the foreign-born population age 25 and older had a bachelor's or higher degree in 2011 compared to 24.1 percent in 2000 and 20.3 percent in 1990. At the same time, 31.5 percent of the foreign born at the national level lacked a high school diploma in 2011 compared to 38.2 percent in 2000 and 41.2 percent in 1990.

Of foreign-born persons who were naturalized citizens in 2011, 24.7 percent had a bachelor's or higher degree compared to 12.2 percent of noncitizens.
In Nevada, 24.7 percent of foreign-born persons who were naturalized citizens had a bachelor's or higher degree, compared to 12.2 percent of noncitizens. At the same time, 23.5 percent of naturalized citizens lacked a high school diploma compared to 46.7 percent of noncitizens.

At the national level, 33.4 percent of naturalized citizens and 21.5 percent of noncitizens had a college degree. Further, 21.4 percent of naturalized citizens lacked a high school diploma compared to 41.0 percent of noncitizens.

Note: Data for Alaska, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Vermont, and West Virginia are from the US Census Bureau's pooled 2009-2011 ACS and for North Dakota and Wyoming are from 2007-2011 ACS. For the United States and the rest of the states the data are from 2011 ACS.

Education by Language Spoken at Home

The educational attainment of all adults in Nevada in 2011 varied by the language spoken at home.
Of the total population (both native and foreign born) age 25 and older in Nevada, 24.3 percent of those who spoke only English at home had a college degree compared to 9.0 percent of those who spoke Spanish, 38.4 percent of those who spoke other Indo-European languages, 32.4 percent of those who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 22.8 percent who spoke other languages.

At the same time, 8.7 percent of those who spoke only English lacked a high school diploma compared to 46.3 percent of those who spoke Spanish, 10.4 percent of those who spoke other Indo-European languages, 14.4 percent of those who spoke Asian and Pacific Island languages, and 21.4 percent who spoke other languages.

Table 1. Change in the Limited English Proficient (LEP) Population of Nevada, 1990 to 2011
 

1990

2000

2011

  Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 5 and Older 1,104,998 100.0 1,853,720 100.0 2,538,136 100.0
Speak only English 961,329 87.0 1,425,748 76.9 1,783,605 70.3
Speak language other than English 143,669 13.0 427,972 23.1 754,531 29.7
Speak English "very well" 81,588 7.4 220,285 11.9 435,990 17.2
Speak English less than "very well"(LEP) 62,081 5.6 207,687 11.2 318,541 12.6
Native Born 1,001,972 100.0 1,540,924 100.0 2,017,510 100.0
Speak only English 936,638 93.5 1,379,066 89.5 1,720,343 85.3
Speak language other than English 65,334 6.5 161,858 10.5 297,167 14.7
Speak English "very well" 50,340 5.0 122,331 7.9 247,707 12.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 14,994 1.5 39,527 2.6 49,460 2.5
Foreign Born 103,026 100.0 312,796 100.0 520,626 100.0
Speak only English 24,691 24.0 46,682 14.9 63,262 12.2
Speak language other than English 78,335 76.0 266,114 85.1 457,364 87.8
Speak English "very well" 31,248 30.3 97,954 31.3 188,283 36.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 47,087 45.7 168,160 53.8 269,081 51.7
 
 

Change 1990 to 2000

Change 1990 to 2011

Change 2000 to 2011

  Numeric Percent Numeric Percent Numeric Percent
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 5 and Older 748,722 67.8 1,433,138 129.7 684,416 36.9
Speak only English 464,419 48.3 822,276 85.5 357,857 25.1
Speak language other than English 284,303 197.9 610,862 425.2 326,559 76.3
Speak English "very well" 138,697 170.0 354,402 434.4 215,705 97.9
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 145,606 234.5 256,460 413.1 110,854 53.4
Native Born 538,952 53.8 1,015,538 101.4 476,586 30.9
Speak only English 442,428 47.2 783,705 83.7 341,277 24.7
Speak language other than English 96,524 147.7 231,833 354.8 135,309 83.6
Speak English "very well" 71,991 143.0 197,367 392.1 125,376 102.5
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 24,533 163.6 34,466 229.9 9,933 25.1
Foreign Born 209,770 203.6 417,600 405.3 207,830 66.4
Speak only English 21,991 89.1 38,571 156.2 16,580 35.5
Speak language other than English 187,779 239.7 379,029 483.9 191,250 71.9
Speak English "very well" 66,706 213.5 157,035 502.5 90,329 92.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 121,073 257.1 221,994 471.5 100,921 60.0
Sources: US Census Bureau, 2011 American Community Survey (ACS); 2000 Decennial Census; Steven Ruggles, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, et al., Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 [IPUMS 1990 5%] (Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center, 2011).
For information about ACS methodology,sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here.

Table 2. Change in the Educational Attainment of the Foreign Born, 1990 to 2011
 

1990

2000

2011

  Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 25 and Older 785,708 100.0 1,308,822 100.0 1,810,960 100.0
Less than high school diploma 165,342 21.0 257,398 19.7 290,119 16.0
Bachelor's degree or higher 120,766 15.4 236,567 18.1 406,875 22.5
Native Born 705,544 100.0 1,066,027 100.0 1,358,469 100.0
Less than high school diploma 132,530 18.8 148,112 13.9 125,622 9.2
Bachelor's degree or higher 110,564 15.7 203,216 19.1 326,522 24.0
Foreign Born 80,164 100.0 242,795 100.0 452,491 100.0
Less than high school diploma 32,812 40.9 109,286 45.0 164,497 36.4
Bachelor's degree or higher 10,202 12.7 33,351 13.7 80,353 17.8

 

Change 1990 to 2000

Change 1990 to 2011

Change 2000 to 2011

  Numeric Percent Numeric Percent Numeric Percent
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 25 and Older 523,114 66.6 1,025,252 130.5 502,138 38.4
Less than high school diploma 92,056 55.7 124,777 75.5 32,721 12.7
Bachelor's degree or higher 115,801 95.9 286,109 236.9 170,308 72.0
Native Born 360,483 51.1 652,925 92.5 292,442 27.4
Less than high school diploma 15,582 11.8 -6,908 -5.2 -22,490 -15.2
Bachelor's degree or higher 92,652 83.8 215,958 195.3 123,306 60.7
Foreign Born 162,631 202.9 372,327 464.5 209,696 86.4
Less than high school diploma 76,474 233.1 131,685 401.3 55,211 50.5
Bachelor's degree or higher 23,149 226.9 70,151 687.6 47,002 140.9
Sources: US Census Bureau, 2011 American Community Survey (ACS); Steven Ruggles, Matthew Sobek, Trent Alexander, et al., Integrated Public Use Microdata Series: Version 3.0 [IPUMS 1990 and 2000 5%] (Minneapolis, MN: Minnesota Population Center, 2011).
For information about ACS methodology,sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here.

Table 3. Limited English Proficient Populations by Citizenship Status, 2011
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 5 and Older 2,538,136
Speak only English 70.3
Speak language other than English 29.7
Speak English "very well" 17.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 12.6
Native Born 2,017,510
Speak only English 85.3
Speak language other than English 14.7
Speak English "very well" 12.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 2.5
Foreign Born 520,626
Speak only English 12.2
Speak language other than English 87.8
Speak English "very well" 36.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 51.7
Noncitizen1 307,144
Speak only English 9.3
Speak language other than English 90.7
Speak English "very well" 30.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 60.7
Naturalized Citizen1 213,482
Speak only English 16.3
Speak language other than English 83.7
Speak English "very well" 45.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 38.7
Notes:
1. Data for Alaska, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Vermont, and West Virginia are from the US Census Bureau's pooled 2009-2011 ACS and for North Dakota and Wyoming are from 2007-2011 ACS. For the United States and the rest of the states the data are from 2011 ACS.

Sources: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (different years, see Note 1 above).
For information about ACS methodology,sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here.

Table 4. Educational Attainment by Citizenship Status
Total Household Population of Nevada, Age 25 and Older 1,810,960
Less than high school diploma 16.0
Bachelor's degree or higher 22.5
Native Born 1,358,469
Less than high school diploma 9.2
Bachelor's degree or higher 24.0
Foreign Born 452,491
Less than high school diploma 36.4
Bachelor's degree or higher 17.8
Noncitizen1 251,633
Less than high school diploma 46.7
Bachelor's degree or higher 12.2
Naturalized Citizen1 200,858
Less than high school diploma 23.5
Bachelor's degree or higher 24.7
Notes:
1. Data for Alaska, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Vermont, and West Virginia are from the US Census Bureau's pooled 2009-2011 ACS and for North Dakota and Wyoming are from 2007-2011 ACS. For the United States and the rest of the states the data are from 2011 ACS.

Sources: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (different years, see Note 1 above). (ACS).
For information about ACS methodology,sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here.

Table 5. Language and Educational Characteristics of the Household Population in Nevada, 2011
Number Percent
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Total Household Population, Age 25 and Older 1,810,960 100.0
Speak only English 1,304,805 100.0
Less than high school diploma 114,054 8.7
High school diploma (includes equivalency) 392,314 30.1
Some college or associate's degree 480,769 36.8
Bachelor's degree 317,668 24.3
Speak Spanish 326,055 100.0
Less than high school diploma 151,093 46.3
High school diploma (includes equivalency) 89,270 27.4
Some college or associate's degree 56,405 17.3
Bachelor's degree 29,287 9.0
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 52,024 100.0
Less than high school diploma 5,400 10.4
High school diploma (includes equivalency) 14,456 27.8
Some college or associate's degree 12,183 23.4
Bachelor's degree 19,985 38.4
Speak Asian and Pacific Island Languages 111,257 100.0
Less than high school diploma 15,970 14.4
High school diploma (includes equivalency) 28,108 25.3
Some college or associate's degree 31,087 27.9
Bachelor's degree 36,092 32.4
Speak Other Languages 16,819 100.0
Less than high school diploma 3,602 21.4
High school diploma (includes equivalency) 4,244 25.2
Some college or associate's degree 5,130 30.5
Bachelor's degree 3,843 22.8
ENGLISH PROFICIENCY BY NATIVITY AND LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Total Household Population, Age 5 and Older 2,538,136 100.0
Native Born 2,017,510 100.0
Speak only English 1,720,343 85.3
Speak language other than English 297,167 14.7
Speak Spanish 237,976 100.0
Speak English "very well" 198,884 83.6
Speak English "well" 26,931 11.3
Speak English "not well" 10,781 4.5
Speak English "not at all" 1,380 0.6
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 21,371 100.0
Speak English "very well" 19,199 89.8
Speak English "well" 1,229 5.8
Speak English "not well" 943 4.4
Speak English "not at all" 0 0.0
Speak Asian or Pacific Island Languages 30,033 100.0
Speak English "very well" 23,756 79.1
Speak English "well" 5,693 19.0
Speak English "not well" 489 1.6
Speak English "not at all" 95 0.3
Speak Other Languages 7,787 100.0
Speak English "very well" 5,868 75.4
Speak English "well" 1,131 14.5
Speak English "not well" 715 9.2
Speak English "not at all" 73 0.9
Foreign Born 520,626 100.0
Speak only English 63,262 12.2
Speak language other than English 457,364 87.8
Speak Spanish 291,415 100.0
Speak English "very well" 100,042 34.3
Speak English "well" 76,548 26.3
Speak English "not well" 78,577 27.0
Speak English "not at all" 36,248 12.4
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 43,291 100.0
Speak English "very well" 27,196 62.8
Speak English "well" 9,739 22.5
Speak English "not well" 5,638 13.0
Speak English "not at all" 718 1.7
Speak Asian or Pacific Island Languages 108,812 100.0
Speak English "very well" 53,424 49.1
Speak English "well" 35,333 32.5
Speak English "not well" 16,566 15.2
Speak English "not at all" 3,489 3.2
Speak Other Languages 13,846 100.0
Speak English "very well" 7,621 55.0
Speak English "well" 4,153 30.0
Speak English "not well" 1,839 13.3
Speak English "not at all" 233 1.7
ENGLISH PROFICIENCY BY AGE AND LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Total Household Population, Age 5 and Older 2,538,136 100.0
Ages 5 to 17 477,917 100.0
Speak only English 314,870 65.9
Speak language other than English 163,047 34.1
Speak English “very well” 130,128 27.2
Speak English less than “very well” (LEP) 32,919 6.9
Speak Spanish 137,706 28.8
Speak English "very well" 109,665 22.9
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 28,041 5.9
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 7,018 1.5
Speak English "very well" 6,082 1.3
Speak English less than "very well" 936 0.2
Speak Asian and Pacific Island Languages 15,066 3.2
Speak English "very well" 11,509 2.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 3,557 0.7
Speak Other Languages 3,257 0.7
Speak English "very well" 2,872 0.6
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 385 0.1
Ages 18 to 64 1,720,579 100.0
Speak only English 1,185,392 68.9
Speak language other than English 535,187 31.1
Speak English "very well" 281,786 16.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 253,401 14.7
Speak Spanish 366,515 21.3
Speak English "very well" 181,062 10.5
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 185,453 10.8
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 47,303 2.7
Speak English "very well" 33,491 1.9
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 13,812 0.8
Speak Asian and Pacific Island Languages 105,235 6.1
Speak English "very well" 57,671 3.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 47,564 2.8
Speak Other Languages 16,134 0.9
Speak English "very well" 9,562 0.6
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 6,572 0.4
Age 65 and Older 339,640 100.0
Speak only English 283,343 83.4
Speak language other than English 56,297 16.6
Speak English "very well" 24,076 7.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 32,221 9.5
Speak Spanish 25,170 7.4
Speak English "very well" 8,199 2.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 16,971 5.0
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 10,341 3.0
Speak English "very well" 6,822 2.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 3,519 1.0
Speak Asian and Pacific Island Languages 18,544 5.5
Speak English "very well" 8,000 2.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 10,544 3.1
Speak Other Languages 2,242 0.7
Speak English "very well" 1,055 0.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,187 0.3
LINGUISTIC ISOLATION BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN IN HOUSEHOLD
All Households 982,352 100.0
Linguistically isolated 61,705 6.3
Not linguistically isolated 920,647 93.7
Speak only English 699,566 100.0
Speak Spanish 174,018 100.0
Linguistically isolated 40,251 23.1
Not linguistically isolated 133,767 76.9
Speak Other Indo-European Languages 37,208 100.0
Linguistically isolated 4,293 11.5
Not linguistically isolated 32,915 88.5
Speak Asian and Pacific Island Languages 60,385 100.0
Linguistically isolated 14,615 24.2
Not linguistically isolated 45,770 75.8
Speak Other Languages 11,175 100.0
Linguistically isolated 2,546 22.8
Not linguistically isolated 8,629 77.2
LANGUAGE OTHER THAN ENGLISH SPOKEN AT HOME
Total Household Population, Age 5 and Older 2,538,136 100.0
Speak language other than English 754,531 100.0
Spanish or Spanish Creole 506,745 67.2
French (including Patois and Cajun) 7,622 1.0
French Creole 627 0.1
Italian 5,302 0.7
Portuguese or Portuguese Creole 2,257 0.3
German 8,213 1.1
Yiddish 326 0.0
Other West Germanic languages 1,276 0.2
Scandinavian languages 1,403 0.2
Greek 2,084 0.3
Russian 4,199 0.6
Polish 2,796 0.4
Serbo-Croatian 3,773 0.5
Other Slavic languages 3,226 0.4
Armenian 2,144 0.3
Persian 4,120 0.5
Gujarathi 1,129 0.1
Hindi 2,871 0.4
Urdu 1,476 0.2
Other Indic languages 4,170 0.6
Other Indo-European languages 3,821 0.5
Chinese 27,585 3.7
Japanese 5,423 0.7
Korean 9,754 1.3
Mon-Khmer, Cambodian 1,029 0.1
Hmong 65 0.0
Thai 5,134 0.7
Laotian 1,202 0.2
Vietnamese 7,534 1.0
Other Asian languages 2,255 0.3
Tagalog 66,930 8.9
Other Pacific Island languages 9,774 1.3
Navajo 980 0.1
Other Native North American languages 1,919 0.3
Hungarian 1,811 0.2
Arabic 4,907 0.7
Hebrew 2,489 0.3
African languages 8,636 1.1
Other and unspecified languages 663 0.1
ENGLISH PROFICIENCY BY LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Total Household Population, Age 5 and Older 2,538,136 100.0
Speak only English 1,783,605 70.3
Speak language other than English 754,531 29.7
Spanish or Spanish Creole 506,745 100.00
Speak English "very well" 270,634 53.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 236,111 46.6
French (Including Patois and Cajun) 7,622 100.0
Speak English "very well" 6,022 79.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,600 21.0
French Creole 627 100.0
Speak English "very well" 617 98.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 10 1.6
Italian 5,302 100.0
Speak English "very well" 4,100 77.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,202 22.7
Portuguese or Portuguese Creole 2,257 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,696 75.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 561 24.9
German 8,213 100.0
Speak English "very well" 6,961 84.8
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,252 15.2
Yiddish 326 100.0
Speak English "very well" 287 88.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 39 12.0
Other West Germanic Languages 1,276 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,032 80.9
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 244 19.1
Scandinavian Languages 1,403 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,283 91.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 120 8.6
Greek 2,084 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,740 83.5
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 344 16.5
Russian 4,199 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,548 60.7
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,651 39.3
Polish 2,796 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,219 79.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 577 20.6
Serbo-Croatian 3,773 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,998 53.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,775 47.0
Other Slavic Languages 3,226 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,691 52.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,535 47.6
Armenian 2,144 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,208 56.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 936 43.7
Persian 4,120 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,530 61.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,590 38.6
Gujarathi 1,129 100.0
Speak English "very well" 347 30.7
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 782 69.3
Hindi 2,871 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,005 69.8
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 866 30.2
Urdu 1,476 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,104 74.8
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 372 25.2
Other Indic Languages 4,170 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,091 50.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 2,079 49.9
Other Indo-European Languages 3,821 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,070 54.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 1,751 45.8
Chinese 27,585 100.0
Speak English "very well" 12,072 43.8
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 15,513 56.2
Japanese 5,423 100.0
Speak English "very well" 3,103 57.2
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 2,320 42.8
Korean 9,754 100.0
Speak English "very well" 3,260 33.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 6,494 66.6
Mon-Khmer, Cambodian 1,029 100.0
Speak English "very well" 559 54.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 470 45.7
Hmong 65 100.0
Speak English "very well" 28 43.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 37 56.9
Thai 5,134 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,103 41.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 3,031 59.0
Laotian 1,202 100.0
Speak English "very well" 512 42.6
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 690 57.4
Vietnamese 7,534 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,949 39.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 4,585 60.9
Other Asian Languages 2,255 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,621 71.9
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 634 28.1
Tagalog 66,930 100.0
Speak English "very well" 45,522 68.0
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 21,408 32.0
Other Pacific Island Languages 9,774 100.0
Speak English "very well" 6,281 64.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 3,493 35.7
Navajo 980 100.0
Speak English "very well" 602 61.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 378 38.6
Other Native North American Languages 1,919 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,634 85.1
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 285 14.9
Hungarian 1,811 100.0
Speak English "very well" 1,168 64.5
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 643 35.5
Arabic 4,907 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,814 57.3
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 2,093 42.7
Hebrew 2,489 100.0
Speak English "very well" 2,082 83.6
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 407 16.4
African Languages 8,636 100.0
Speak English "very well" 4,215 48.8
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 4,421 51.2
Other and unspecified Languages 663 100.0
Speak English "very well" 354 53.4
Speak English less than "very well" (LEP) 309 46.6
Notes:
A household is “linguistically isolated” if all adults (14 and older) speak a language other than English and none speaks English “very well.”

1. Data for Alaska, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Idaho, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, and West Virginia are from the US Census Bureau’s pooled 2009-2011 ACS and for Wyoming are from 2007-2011 ACS. For the United States and the rest of the states the data are from 2011 ACS.

Sources: US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (ACS), different years (see Note 1 above).
For information about ACS methodology,sampling error, and nonsampling error, click here.

For data on these topics, click on the link: